Nutritional rules for gastritis

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: include medication recommended by a doctor, physiotherapy and a healthy lifestyle.The leading role in the treatment of pathology is given to dietary nutrition - a diet for gastritis can smooth out unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles

Diet is a special diet.It includes foods, dishes and drinks that are gentle on the gastric mucosa and are able to adjust the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet led to pathologies of the stomach wall and manifests itself with a low degree of intensity, a balanced diet is enough to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of allowed and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves adherence to important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute stage of the disease.Some doctors recommend completely abstaining from food in the first hours of an exacerbation and arranging a fasting day.Cool, weak tea and still mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to "rest" from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• From the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, jelly, low-fat mashed potatoes with water and soft-boiled eggs.
• You must eat fractionally - in small portions during the day.The optimal regimen is 5-6 meals every 3-4 months.hour.It is not allowed to increase the number of "approaches" and take long breaks between them.You should also not eat at night – your last meal should be 3 hours before you go to bed.
• You should drink liquids (tea, juice, water) at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juice and thereby complicates digestion.It is allowed to drink a glass of still water before meals.
• If possible, eat unsalted food and try to cook without salt.
• One-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, where several products are not mixed at once.The food must be simple and healthy so that the stomach is not overloaded.
• While eating, you must thoroughly chew each bite and each spoonful - the food will be pre-processed already in the oral cavity, and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• Dry food and snacks on the go or in a hurry are strictly prohibited.
• In emergency conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruit.
• The temperature of the food must be comfortable;hot or cold food irritates the stomach even more.
• It is better to prepare food for gastritis for no more than 2 days.If the food is stored longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Prepared meals should only be kept in the refrigerator and reheated to a comfortable temperature before eating.
• For cooking, use only fresh produce purchased from reliable retail outlets.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe poisoning can also be added to gastritis.
• Give preference to products without preservatives, dyes, harmful food additives and flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not give up physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga will help speed up the digestion of food.Special attention must also be paid to a healthy lifestyle - do not smoke, do not drink alcoholic beverages, follow a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, including for inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The diet for acute illness has many restrictions, but the list of products is generally extensive.

Porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, should start their morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, supply the body with energy and microelements, and due to their fiber content, they improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is dish No. 1 on the list of permitted foods for gastritis.The liquid consistency of porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is consumed as a side dish or dessert, with added sugar, permitted fruits and dried fruits.
• Semolina - cooks quickly and has a slimy consistency, promotes the accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fat and protein.
• Millet.Millet porridge is coarse even after cooking, so it is better to take it in small quantities and if you have hyperacid gastritis, you should avoid it.
• Rice is a gentle grain that, after cooking, forms mucus that envelops the walls of the stomach.Porridge made from pureed rice can be eaten during exacerbation of gastritis with low and high acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, you should not eat rice.
• Barley red covers the stomach lining well.But you need to prepare it correctly - boil it in water while waiting for the grain to be fully cooked, while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat, cooked in the form of milk soup, is healthy;it is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the remission stage of the disease, as hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely cooked and has a slimy consistency.

First courses for gastritis

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in a weak broth.Bones, fatty meat and spices are not used in cooking.The ingredients for the soup must be chopped very finely, ideally pureed.To make the dish thicker, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice grains, with the addition of vegetable oil but not butter, are slimy.

What to eat first course for gastritis:

• Rice and milk puree soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrots and olive oil;
• Rice slimy soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Low-fat fish soup from perch with parsley and carrots;
• Borscht with beef broth - the beetroot is boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

Using your imagination and combining permitted types of food for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of soups - tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat when gastritis

Fish is considered the main supplier of protein to the body;moreover, its meat is digested quickly and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore damaged stomach epithelium and act as an antioxidant.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and cooking method.It is allowed to eat only low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, hake, pike, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should only be eaten after heat treatment, with the exception of frying.Fish can be steamed or in a slow cooker, eaten boiled or made into steamed fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés and fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited for gastritis, but in the remission stage it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you can independently control the amount of salt in the product and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes in moderation will help restore the gastric mucosa due to the supply of protein.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But on one condition: the product must be low-fat and not fried.It is better to boil or steam meat before eating;during the remission stage you must eat baked meat products.It is preferable to grind the meat into minced meat - this way it is digested faster - and use it to make chops, meatballs, zraz, quenelles and meatballs.

Doctors advise against mixing meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to handle the dish.

Vegetables

Raw vegetables may only be consumed during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary, where you can note the body's reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that irritate the stomach walls.They must be boiled or stewed.

What can you eat with gastritis:

• Orange and red vegetables - pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables - Brussels sprouts, asparagus, bell peppers, peas and spring onions;
• White and purple - aubergine, cauliflower, parsnip and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited to gastritis with high acidity.Outside of aggravation of the pathology, you can eat cucumbers, peeled and grated.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, stews and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons

"Fruit" list of what you can and cannot eat with gastritis,includes the following fruits:

• Apples.For any acidity in the stomach, you should only buy sweet varieties and eat them without peel and seeds.Baked apples are considered a diet food - they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins, which improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.A universal product for any type of gastritis.In the acute phase, however, you should not eat more than one banana a day: half in the morning and half in the evening.Only fruits with pale yellow skin are suitable for food - overripe and green bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Bulbs.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize bowel function and remove toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only the fruits sold at the end of August are suitable for food - they have less nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can eat it in moderate amounts in a ground form;it is especially useful for reduced stomach acid.Berries compensate for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for any kind of stomach pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid, which can irritate the stomach lining.The following list contains the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before inclusion in the diet.

You can make delicious fruit drinks, jelly and compotes from berries, bake pears and apples.An exception exists for pathologies with insufficient secretion - these patients can eat citrus fruits, berries and fruits raw.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat the fruits separately from the first and second courses.

Dairy and eggs

Dairy products must be included in the diet for gastritis.Sweet milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderate quantities - it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is better to add it to tea, porridge and soups.Goat milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation in internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare casseroles, oven-baked cheesecakes and lazy dumplings.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese - just rub it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard cheese - mild and unsalted.Allowed products include fermented baked milk and low-fat sour cream, yogurt and acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make an omelette, steamed, boiled, but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg daily.

Flour and sweets

Biscuits and stale white bread have a good effect on the stomach lining.two trays can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, add unsweetened chocolate-free cookies or unsweetened buns to your diet.You can eat pasta and vermicelli as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• honey;
• semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• Curd souffle;
• Jelly from natural fruits;
• Non-acidic dried fruits soaked in hot water.

Beverages

For gastritis, the following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed: sweet apples, cherries, pears, peaches, cabbage, tomato and potato.Juice must be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rose hip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water, jelly are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet for inflammation involves avoiding foods that irritate the stomach walls, complicate digestion and cause excessive fermentation.For any type of gastritis, the following is prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• french fries;
• All strong fat broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• Fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and frankfurters;
• Fatty types of fish, including canned;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Glazed curd;
• Creme fraiche and high fat cream;
• Ice cream;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Grapes and their juice;
• Cabbage;
• turnips and radishes;
• Onion;
• All types of mushrooms;
• legumes;
• Swedes;
• Canned, pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – brewed and instant;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda and bread kvass;
• Chocolate and chocolate sweets;
• Drink with chicory;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All types of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish
• Lard;
• Margarine, fats and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is imperative to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can vary significantly.

Diet No. 1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its aim is to protect the mucosa from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 places a taboo on coarse, spicy, "juice" food, smoked food and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Sandwiches, twist bread;
• Porridge made from millet, corn, eggs, pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens - garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Acidic, unripe, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• Fried and hard-boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems and improvement of the condition of the stomach.

Diet No. 2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by reduced secretory function of the stomach.The goal of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time protect the mucous membrane from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as dishes that are difficult and take a long time to digest, are prohibited.Food with a variety of chopped ingredients and various cooking methods are allowed - stewed, boiled, baked, moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are shown in grated form.

What not to do for gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, maize and red barley – limited;
• Soups with milk;
• First courses of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meat and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw, unshredded vegetables;
• Rough varieties of berries and fruits in raw form;
• Dates and figs;
• Creme fraiche, dairy products with a high content of acids - limited;
• Hard boiled eggs.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As the inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause aggravation of pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-planned diet.You should be patient, rethink your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.